Egypt braces for anti-Sisi protests amid calls for 'people's revolution'

Egypt braced on Friday for a second weekend of protests, as anger stemming from economic hardship and alleged top-level corruption threatens to eclipse a long-standing ban on street rallies despite an intensifying crackdown.

Last week's open defiance of President Abdel Fattah al-Sisi - triggered by viral videos from exiled Egyptian businessman Mohamed Ali - has surprised observers in a country where opposition of all stripes has been severely curtailed. 

Elected president in 2014 after pushing predecessor Mohamed Morsi and his Muslim Brotherhood from power the previous year, Sisi is seen by many as one of the most authoritarian figures in the Middle East.   

Construction magnate Ali has called for a "million-man march" and a "people's revolution" to unseat the uncompromising head of state.

Road blocks prevented traffic from entering Cairo's Tahrir Square on Friday morning, AFP journalists said, although it was still possible to move into the area on foot.

Ali accuses Sisi of building lavish palaces while taxpayers grapple with the impact of austerity under an IMF loan programme totalling $12 billion.

Read more: Mohamed Ali: The businessman-turned-actor who called for Egypt protests

In recent days, security has been visibly stepped up, especially in Tahrir Square - the epicentre of the 2011 popular revolt that toppled long-time autocrat Hosni Mubarak. 

That iconic location was key to last week's demonstrations, which broke out after a football match with protesters chanting "leave, Sisi!" and accusing him of heading a "military regime".

Alongside beefing up their presence on the streets, the security forces have also detained people they suspect of being key influencers of unrest -- journalists, human rights activists and lawyers.

'Thousands detained'

Human Rights Watch said Friday that nearly 2,000 people had been arrested over the past week, in what could be the biggest crackdown since 2013.

"Lawyers for detainees have posted on their social media pages several accounts of security forces arbitrarily arresting many people merely for being in the 'wrong place at the wrong time' or possessing critical content on their phones," the rights group said.

In the first official acknowledgement of the protests, the attorney general's office said "not more than 1,000 protesters" had been questioned by prosecutors.

It said prosecutors had orders to "inspect the social media accounts and pages of those detained." 

Analysts said they expected any further protests to meet a tough response as Sisi seeks to preserve his security credentials.

"Sisi has made it clear he intends to stay in power for quite some time -– and protests will not change that calculus for him," said H.A Hellyer, a senior fellow at the Royal United Services Institute in London. 

The president "appears... convinced that any protests that go beyond a certain point would be destructive not only to his presidency, but the state more generally," he told AFP.

Further protests are therefore likely to be met with stiff resistance, Hellyer added. 

HRW called on Egypt's Western allies to suspend their military assistance until the government ceases its "gross violations of international law".

"World leaders should recognise that providing security and military assistance to abusive forces won't bring stability to Egypt, and that what's needed instead is a government that respects the rights and freedoms of the Egyptian people," said its Middle East and North Africa director, Sarah Leah Whitson.

In August 2013, just over a month after Sisi toppled Morsi, police dispersed two camps full of supporters of the Islamist leader in Cairo, killing about 800 people in clashes, according to official figures.

The government named the Muslim Brotherhood a "terrorist organisation" later that year, but the crackdown on opposition has extended to secular organisations and rights activists.

On Thursday, Ali posted a one-minute missive which included extracts from previous videos and footage from riots in 2011 and later, juxtaposed against declarations by Sisi. 

But while the exiled critic's videos have gained huge traction - shared millions of times online - they have provoked fervent counter-attacks from the president's backers, using the hashtags #longliveSisi and #theywantchaos.